The definition of a 3D model
A 3D model is a digital object consisting of polygons - i.e. a single small area - without any texture (color, surface material, labels, etc.). You can also imagine a 3D model as a digital clay figure without painting.
Here you can also find out what 3D models are, how they are used and learn more about the benefits, the creation process, required tools and the associated costs.
In the fields of design, engineering, animation, and various other industries, 3D models have become an invaluable tool for visualizing and conceptualizing products and ideas.
Through their ability to represent objects and environments in three-dimensional space, these models have revolutionized the way we create, communicate, and interact with virtual representations.
What is a 3D model? And what isn't it?
A 3D model is a digital representation of an object or scene that is created using specialized computer software. In contrast to traditional 2D models, 3D models have depth so that the user can perceive the object or environment from multiple perspectives. They closely imitate the physical properties and geometry of the real counterparts.
In general, many also understand a 3D model to be the finished layout and provided with surface structure, lighting and color of a 3D visualization.
In experts, however, the 3D model only means the geometry, i.e. the pure framework or object of an object. Attributes such as shape, texture, color and lighting are realized later in the shading process.
Which companies use 3D models?
The possible applications of 3D models are varied and wide-ranging. Here are a few prominent fields where 3D models are used extensively:
- Architecture and engineering: Architects and engineers use 3D models as a basis to visualize and present their designs. The applications rendered from the models, such as videos, animations or images, help to analyze structural integrity, spatial relationships and general aesthetics before the construction phase.
- Entertainment and media: 3D models serve as the basis for computer-generated images (CGI) in films, video games and virtual reality experiences. They help bring fictional characters, environments, and special effects to life.
- Product design and manufacturing: Industrial designers use 3D models to create prototypes, test the functionality of products, and optimize the manufacturing process. These models enable better visualization and collaboration between design teams.
- Medical and scientific visualization: 3D models, or various types of visualizations based on them and rendered, play a decisive role in medical education, surgical planning and anatomical research. They help to understand complex structures, simulate procedures and improve patient outcomes.
What are the benefits of 3D models?
The use of 3D models offers numerous advantages:
- Better visualization: 3D models provide a realistic and immersive experience that allows users to explore objects or environments from any angle. This improves understanding, reduces ambiguities, and supports effective communication.
- Improved collaboration: By sharing 3D models, stakeholders can collaborate more efficiently, provide feedback, and make informed decisions. This promotes a streamlined workflow and reduces errors in the design and development phase.
- Cost and time efficiency: The ability to visualize and simulate designs using 3D models minimizes the need for physical prototypes, reducing production costs and saving time. Iterative changes can be made quickly in virtual space, which speeds up the design process.
- Marketing and presentation: 3D models enable compelling visual presentations for marketing purposes. They form the basis for product demonstrations, architectural tours and interactive experiences to captivate and motivate the audience.
How can a 3D model be used?
The versatility of 3D models enables a wide range of applications:
- Visualization: 3D models provide architects, interior designers, and city planners with a platform to realistically visualize and present their concepts so that customers better understand the end result.
- Simulation and analysis: Engineers and scientists use 3D models to simulate physical phenomena, analyze structural integrity, predict fluid dynamics, and conduct virtual experiments.
- Animation and visual effects: 3D models are the backbone of animated films, video games, and visual effects, allowing you to create lifelike characters, realistic environments, and impressive visual sequences.
- Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR): 3D models serve as building blocks for VR and AR experiences that enable users to interact with virtual objects and environments, thus merging the digital and physical worlds.
- 3D printing: 3D models can be used directly in 3D printing technology to create physical prototypes, custom products, and complicated objects with precision and accuracy.
- Education and training: 3D models facilitate interactive and immersive learning experiences and enable students to explore complex concepts, dissect anatomical structures, and participate in virtual simulations.
What tools are required to create a 3D model?
Creating a 3D model requires the use of specialized software and the appropriate expertise to use it. Tools commonly used in the industry include:
- Computer-aided design software (CAD): CAD software such as AutoCAD, SolidWorks, and Blender provides robust tools for creating 3D models with precise measurements, accurate geometries, and realistic textures.
- 3D sculpture software: With programs such as ZBrush and Mudbox, artists can model digital models using intuitive brushing and sculpting techniques, creating organic and detailed shapes.
- 3D modeling software: Applications such as Maya, 3ds Max, and Cinema 4D offer comprehensive features for creating, animating, and rendering 3D models and are therefore suitable for various industries.
- Photogrammetry software: Photogrammetry software such as RealityCapture and Agisoft Metashape allows you to create 3D models from a collection of photos, making it ideal for capturing real objects and environments.
However, 3D models are not the same as 3D scans. Based on 3D scans, 3D models can be created that use different procedures of However, you should compare scanning and modeling.
How can a 3D model be used?
The versatility of 3D models enables a wide range of applications:
- Visualization: Visualizations can be created based on 3D models. This allows architects and city planners, for example, to realistically present their concepts, which helps customers to better understand the end result.
- Simulation and analysis: With the help of 3D models, things can also be made visible that are not visible to the naked eye: Engineers and scientists use 3D models to simulate physical phenomena, analyze structural integrity, predict flow dynamics and carry out virtual experiments.
- Animation and visual effects: 3D models are the backbone of animated films, video games, and visual effects, making it possible to create lifelike characters, realistic environments, and visual sequences.
- Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR): 3D models serve as building blocks for VR and AR experiences that enable users to interact with virtual objects and environments, thus merging the digital and physical worlds.
- 3D printing: 3D models can be used directly in 3D printing technology to create physical prototypes, custom products, and complicated objects with precision and accuracy.
- Education and training: 3D models facilitate interactive and immersive learning experiences and enable students to explore complex concepts, dissect anatomical structures, and participate in virtual simulations.
What is the cost of creating a 3D model?
The costs associated with creating a 3D model can depend on several factors:
- Software licenses: The costs of purchasing licenses for professional 3D modeling software can be free of charge (open-source options), but usually up to several thousand euros must be included for advanced standard software.
- Hardware requirements: Creating complex and detailed 3D models may require powerful hardware specifications, such as high-performance processors, graphics cards, and sufficient memory, which can result in additional costs.
- Education and expertise: Acquiring 3D modeling skills often requires investment in training, workshops, or online tutorials. The costs associated with learning and mastering the required software can vary. 3D designers or 3D graphic artists can gain self-study expertise as career changers, but they are usually very well-trained specialists who have completed appropriate training or studies.
- Outsourcing: In some cases, organizations or individuals choose to outsource the creation of 3D models to specialized agencies or freelancers. Outsourcing costs depend on the complexity and scope of the project.
- 3D printing: If the model is to be 3D printed, there may be additional costs, such as the cost of the 3D printer itself, materials, and post-processing. However, these processes can also be outsourced to appropriate agencies or service providers.
